NGC 7331 is a large, unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Pegasus, located roughly 39-40 million light-years away and often cited as one of the closest visual analogs to our own Milky Way in overall size and structure.

NGC 7331 (Deer Lick Group)
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NGC 7331 is a large, unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Pegasus, located roughly 39-40 million light-years away and often cited as one of the closest visual analogs to our own Milky Way in overall size and structure. Discovered by William Herschel in 1784, it is inclined steeply to our line of sight, showing an elongated disk, a prominent central bulge, and a dust lane along one edge; unusually, its bulge is known to rotate in the opposite direction to its outer disk. NGC 7331 anchors a loose foreground grouping nicknamed the Deer Lick Group, sharing the field with several much fainter, far more distant background galaxies (NGC 7335, 7336, 7337, and 7340) that appear nearby only by chance alignment. It is a popular wide-field target alongside the more distant compact cluster known as Stephan's Quintet, roughly half a degree away.

[Source: Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7331; Wikipedia, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_7331_Group]

Moon PhaseWaxing Crescent
CameraToupTek ATR2600C
OpticsSkywatcher Esprit 120ED, 840 mm focal length, f/7 (120 mm aperture, APO triplet)
Date2025-07-29
PixInsight Processing
Image Integration (x4)
Background Neutralization
Automatic Background Extraction
Dynamic Background Extraction
BlurXTerminator (AI deconvolution)
NoiseXTerminator (AI denoise)
Generalized Hyperbolic Stretch (x3)
SCNR
Curves Transformation
Dynamic Crop