Building a HyperStar system with KStars on a Raspberry Pi for SCO

Heart Nebula

These instructions were written after-the-fact, so there are errors and omissions. 

 

Initial setup (already done)

  1. First off, acquire an Raspberry Pi microprocessor (in my case donated by Dave Chapman with 4G RAM and micro SD memory). 
  2. Donated hardware by Jane and Alfred Howard: Celestron AUX, 8" Celestron Edge HD SCT, HyperStar, Atik 428ex 1931 x 1451 pixel colour CCD.
  3. Downloaded Rob Lancaste's excellent AstroPi3 installer script from GitHub - rlancaste/AstroPi3. This script automates the many setup steps involved with configuring a Raspberry Pi or similar single board computer (SBC) running Ubuntu or Raspbian, so that it can be an Astrophotography hub using INDI, KStars, and Ekos. Follow the instructions on that GitHub page to create a bootable microSD OS image and run this script to install the astronomy software. 
    sudo ./setupUbuntuSBC.sh

    In this case we chose the option to install the x11vnc VNC server, as well as creation of it's own automatic hot-spot when no known networks are found.

  4. After connecting the RPi to an HDMI display, attaching a keyboard, mouse and providing an ethernet cable link to the home router, power up the RPi.
  5. With the ethernet connection active, download NoMachine Remote Desktop software, the ARMv8 DEB installation and install that on the RPi. I chose this approach based on discussions on https://www.indilib.org/forum/recent.html. If you don't want to use this software, the AstroPi3 installer script will install alternatives (below).
  6. With NoMachine running as a Remote Desktop server disconnect the HDMI, keyboard and mouse and access the RPi via an installation of NoMachine (on the MacBook Pro) (a RPi reboot permitted the Remote Desktop to be reconfigured to a lower readable pixel density).
  7. When that is completed, launch KStars to complete the initialization of KStars and test it using the telescope simulators.
  8. Connect the physical telescope equipment to the RPi and create a new Profile in EKOS containing the matching drivers for each of your devices. In my case we are using Celestron AVX mount, Starizona microlight focuser, Atik 428ex camera.
  9. Download the Astrometry.net Index files (to allow StellarSolver to plate solve) via the Solver Options Index Files dialog. I chose to update files at the predefined Location: /home/odroid/.local/share/kstars/astrometry. There are check boxes that allow KStars to download these files for you. You don't need to download the most detailed (largest) indexes, depending on the Field of View of you scope/camera.
  10. Generate an Artificial Horizon polygon for the KStars desktop planetarium to provide a visual indicator of your unobstructed view. 
  11. I our use case, there is no need to use Phd2 (included) for guiding and haven't a profile configured for this scenario. 
  12. After noticing some warnings about missing locale during the software updates, I ran  
    sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales
sudo localectl set-locale LANG=en_CA.UTF-8
    to set up my locale for my language/country e.g. en_CA.UTF-8. (A reboot was required to have locale show the updated info)

Installing Source code version of KStars

The 1st step is from https://github.com/KDE/kstars

A shell script to automate Installing Kstars/Indi from their git repositories

Link to repository gitea.nouspiro.space/nou/astro-soft-build

Before running this script uninstall INDI and KStars from repository.

Steps:

  1. Clone git repository git clone gitea.nouspiro.space/nou/astro-soft-build.git
  2. Enter cloned directory cd astro-soft-build
  3. Install dependencies by running ./install-dependencies.sh This need to be done only first time.
  4. If you are using QHY camera then run ./build-fxload.sh
  5. Run one of build-soft-stable.sh or build-soft-latest.sh


For general use run stable version. Use latest version if you want to test new bleeding edge feature in development.
Latest build sometimes fail because some breaking change in base indi and not every driver was updated. In this case try to wait day and try again.
If stable build fail try remove all build-* directories in $HOME/astro-soft or $HOME/astro-soft-stable

I update stable script when new stable version of INDI is released so to get latest version run

  1. Enter astro-soft-build directory
  2. Run git pull origin
  3. Run one of build-soft-stable.sh or build-soft-latest.sh

Configure novnc SSL

raspberrypi@raspberrypi-desktop:~$ openssl req -x509 -nodes -newkey rsa:3072 -keyout novnc.pem -out novnc.pem -days 3650

-----

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

-----

Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CA 

State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Nova-Scotia

Locality Name (eg, city) []:Halifax

Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:RASC-Halifax

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:

Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:SCO

Email Address []:jerry.black@icloud.com

 

 

# launch novnc

/usr/share/novnc/utils/launch.sh --cert /usr/share/novnc/novnc.pem --web /usr/share/novnc 

# install novnc as a service

sudo --preserve-env bash -c 'cat > /lib/systemd/system/novnc.service' << EOF

[Unit]

Description=Start novnc at startup.

After=multi-user.target

[Service]

Type=simple

ExecStart=/usr/share/novnc/utils/launch.sh --cert /usr/share/novnc/novnc.pem --web /usr/share/novnc

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

EOF

######################

# This enables the Service so it runs at startup

sudo systemctl enable novnc.service

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

 

# launch vnc server

sudo /usr/bin/x11vnc -auth guess -forever -loop -noxdamage -repeat -rfbauth /etc/x11vnc.pass -rfbport 5900 -shared

 

# install x11vnc as a service

# Note: RealVNC does not work on non-Raspberry Pi ARM systems as far as I can tell.

# This will install x11vnc instead

sudo apt -y install x11vnc

# This will get the password for VNC

x11vnc -storepasswd /etc/x11vnc.pass

# This will store the service file.

######################

sudo --preserve-env bash -c 'cat > /lib/systemd/system/x11vnc.service' << EOF

[Unit]

Description=Start x11vnc at startup.

After=multi-user.target

[Service]

Type=simple

ExecStart=/usr/bin/x11vnc -auth guess -forever -loop -noxdamage -repeat -rfbauth /etc/x11vnc.pass -rfbport 5900 -shared

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

EOF

######################

# This enables the Service so it runs at startup

sudo systemctl enable x11vnc.service

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

 

Manual for the Hyperstar 4 on a Celestron C8

HyperStar_4_C8_GEM_Instructions.pdf

Auto start Kstars and EKOS

Created the indiwebmanager.service by opening http://localhost:8624/ in Firefox on the RPi4 and creating a new profile "SCO-AVX+HyperStar+Atik" 

by choosing the Atik CCD, Celestron Advanced VX HC and Microtouch Drivers

using the default Port 7624 and configured to Auto Start and Auto Connect.

 

TO DO

 

Create 360 image for placed tripod.

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  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `lb8l6_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `lb8l6_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`434μs3.91KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT DISTINCT a.id, a.title, a.name, a.checked_out, a.checked_out_time, a.note, a.state, a.access, a.created_time, a.created_user_id, a.ordering, a.language, a.fieldparams, a.params, a.type, a.default_value, a.context, a.group_id, a.label, a.description, a.required, a.only_use_in_subform,l.title AS language_title, l.image AS language_image,uc.name AS editor,ag.title AS access_level,ua.name AS author_name,g.title AS group_title, g.access as group_access, g.state AS group_state, g.note as group_note FROM lb8l6_fields AS a LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_languages` AS l ON l.lang_code = a.language LEFT JOIN lb8l6_users AS uc ON uc.id=a.checked_out LEFT JOIN lb8l6_viewlevels AS ag ON ag.id = a.access LEFT JOIN lb8l6_users AS ua ON ua.id = a.created_user_id LEFT JOIN lb8l6_fields_groups AS g ON g.id = a.group_id LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_fields_categories` AS fc ON fc.field_id = a.id WHERE ( (`a`.`context` = :context AND (`fc`.`category_id` IS NULL OR `fc`.`category_id` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4)) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`access` IN (:preparedArray5,:preparedArray6)) AND `a`.`state` = :state) AND (`a`.`group_id` = 0 OR `g`.`state` = :gstate) AND `a`.`only_use_in_subform` = :only_use_in_subform ORDER BY a.ordering ASC877μs4.77KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:164Copy
  • SELECT `field_id`,`value` FROM `lb8l6_fields_values` WHERE `field_id` IN (:preparedArray1) AND `item_id` = :itemid287μs1.38KBParams/administrator/components/com_fields/src/Model/FieldModel.php:739Copy
  • SELECT `c`.`id`,`c`.`asset_id`,`c`.`access`,`c`.`alias`,`c`.`checked_out`,`c`.`checked_out_time`,`c`.`created_time`,`c`.`created_user_id`,`c`.`description`,`c`.`extension`,`c`.`hits`,`c`.`language`,`c`.`level`,`c`.`lft`,`c`.`metadata`,`c`.`metadesc`,`c`.`metakey`,`c`.`modified_time`,`c`.`note`,`c`.`params`,`c`.`parent_id`,`c`.`path`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`rgt`,`c`.`title`,`c`.`modified_user_id`,`c`.`version`, CASE WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(`c`.`alias`) != 0 THEN CONCAT_WS(':', `c`.`id`, `c`.`alias`) ELSE `c`.`id` END as `slug` FROM `lb8l6_categories` AS `s` INNER JOIN `lb8l6_categories` AS `c` ON (`s`.`lft` <= `c`.`lft` AND `c`.`lft` < `s`.`rgt`) OR (`c`.`lft` < `s`.`lft` AND `s`.`rgt` < `c`.`rgt`) WHERE (`c`.`extension` = :extension OR `c`.`extension` = 'system') AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `s`.`id` = :id ORDER BY `c`.`lft`608μs3.91KBParams/libraries/src/Categories/Categories.php:375Copy
  • SELECT r.* FROM lb8l6_rereplacer AS r WHERE r.published = 1 AND (r.area = 'component') ORDER BY r.ordering, r.id414μs1.48KB/plugins/system/rereplacer/src/Items.php:95Copy
  • SELECT `m`.`id`,`m`.`title`,`m`.`module`,`m`.`position`,`m`.`content`,`m`.`showtitle`,`m`.`params`,`mm`.`menuid` FROM `lb8l6_modules` AS `m` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_modules_menu` AS `mm` ON `mm`.`moduleid` = `m`.`id` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_extensions` AS `e` ON `e`.`element` = `m`.`module` AND `e`.`client_id` = `m`.`client_id` WHERE ( ( (`m`.`published` = 1 AND `e`.`enabled` = 1 AND `m`.`client_id` = :clientId AND `m`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)) AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown)) AND (`mm`.`menuid` = :itemId OR `mm`.`menuid` <= 0) ORDER BY `m`.`position`,`m`.`ordering`1.02ms1.94KBParams/libraries/src/Cache/Controller/CallbackController.php:51Copy
  • SELECT `name`,`element` FROM `lb8l6_extensions` WHERE `type` = 'plugin' AND `folder` = 'finder' AND `enabled` = 1446μs656B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Helper/LanguageHelper.php:135Copy
  • SELECT `title` FROM `lb8l6_finder_taxonomy` WHERE `parent_id` = 1 AND `state` = 1 AND `access` IN (1,5)277μs648B/administrator/components/com_finder/src/Indexer/Taxonomy.php:325Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,CASE WHEN `a`.`publish_up` IS NULL THEN `a`.`created` ELSE `a`.`publish_up` END AS `publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,LENGTH(`a`.`fulltext`) AS `readmore`,`a`.`ordering`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,CASE WHEN `c`.`published` = 2 AND `a`.`state` > 0 THEN 2 WHEN `c`.`published` != 1 THEN 0 ELSE `a`.`state` END AS `state`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`path` AS `category_route`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`c`.`published`,`c`.`published` AS `parents_published`,`c`.`lft`,CASE WHEN `a`.`created_by_alias` > ' ' THEN `a`.`created_by_alias` ELSE `ua`.`name` END AS `author`,`ua`.`email` AS `author_email`,`uam`.`name` AS `modified_by_name`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language` FROM `lb8l6_content` AS `a` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_users` AS `ua` ON `ua`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_users` AS `uam` ON `uam`.`id` = `a`.`modified_by` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` WHERE `a`.`access` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2) AND `c`.`access` IN (:preparedArray3,:preparedArray4) AND `c`.`published` = 1 AND `a`.`state` = :condition AND `a`.`catid` = :categoryId AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) ORDER BY a.publish_up DESC LIMIT 3427μs6.28KBParams/libraries/src/MVC/Model/BaseDatabaseModel.php:164Copy
  • SELECT MONTH(`created`) AS created_month,MIN(`created`) AS created,YEAR(`created`) AS created_year FROM `lb8l6_content` AS `c` WHERE `c`.`state` = 2 GROUP BY YEAR(`c`.`created`), MONTH(`c`.`created`) ORDER BY YEAR(`c`.`created`) DESC, MONTH(`c`.`created`) DESC LIMIT 10251μs640B/modules/mod_articles_archive/src/Helper/ArticlesArchiveHelper.php:69Copy
  • SELECT `t`.`id` FROM `lb8l6_tags` AS `t` INNER JOIN `lb8l6_contentitem_tag_map` AS `m` ON `m`.`tag_id` = `t`.`id` WHERE `m`.`type_alias` = :prefix AND `m`.`content_item_id` IN (:preparedArray1)395μs1.32KBParams/libraries/src/Helper/TagsHelper.php:503Copy
  • SELECT * FROM `lb8l6_schemaorg` WHERE `itemId` = :itemId AND `context` = :context244μs1.55KBParams/plugins/system/schemaorg/src/Extension/Schemaorg.php:406Copy
  • SELECT `a`.`id`,`a`.`asset_id`,`a`.`title`,`a`.`alias`,`a`.`introtext`,`a`.`fulltext`,`a`.`state`,`a`.`catid`,`a`.`created`,`a`.`created_by`,`a`.`created_by_alias`,`a`.`modified`,`a`.`modified_by`,`a`.`checked_out`,`a`.`checked_out_time`,`a`.`publish_up`,`a`.`publish_down`,`a`.`images`,`a`.`urls`,`a`.`attribs`,`a`.`version`,`a`.`ordering`,`a`.`metakey`,`a`.`metadesc`,`a`.`access`,`a`.`hits`,`a`.`metadata`,`a`.`featured`,`a`.`language`,`fp`.`featured_up`,`fp`.`featured_down`,`c`.`title` AS `category_title`,`c`.`alias` AS `category_alias`,`c`.`access` AS `category_access`,`c`.`language` AS `category_language`,`fp`.`ordering`,`u`.`name` AS `author`,`parent`.`title` AS `parent_title`,`parent`.`id` AS `parent_id`,`parent`.`path` AS `parent_route`,`parent`.`alias` AS `parent_alias`,`parent`.`language` AS `parent_language`,ROUND(`v`.`rating_sum` / `v`.`rating_count`, 1) AS `rating`,`v`.`rating_count` AS `rating_count` FROM `lb8l6_content` AS `a` INNER JOIN `lb8l6_categories` AS `c` ON `c`.`id` = `a`.`catid` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_content_frontpage` AS `fp` ON `fp`.`content_id` = `a`.`id` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_users` AS `u` ON `u`.`id` = `a`.`created_by` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_categories` AS `parent` ON `parent`.`id` = `c`.`parent_id` LEFT JOIN `lb8l6_content_rating` AS `v` ON `a`.`id` = `v`.`content_id` WHERE ( (`a`.`id` = :pk AND `c`.`published` > 0) AND (`a`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_up` <= :publishUp)) AND (`a`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `a`.`publish_down` >= :publishDown) AND `a`.`state` IN (:preparedArray1,:preparedArray2)430μs22.17KBParams/components/com_content/src/Model/ArticleModel.php:215Copy
  • SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`next_execution` <= :now THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS due_count,SUM(CASE WHEN `a`.`locked` IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS locked_count FROM `lb8l6_scheduler_tasks` AS `a` WHERE `a`.`state` = 1199μs3.87KBParams/administrator/components/com_scheduler/src/Model/TasksModel.php:517Copy
  • SELECT r.* FROM lb8l6_rereplacer AS r WHERE r.published = 1 AND (r.area = 'head') ORDER BY r.ordering, r.id207μs1.48KB/plugins/system/rereplacer/src/Items.php:95Copy
  • SELECT r.* FROM lb8l6_rereplacer AS r WHERE r.published = 1 AND (r.area = 'body') ORDER BY r.ordering, r.id150μs1.48KB/plugins/system/rereplacer/src/Items.php:95Copy
  • SELECT r.* FROM lb8l6_rereplacer AS r WHERE r.published = 1 AND (r.area = 'everywhere') ORDER BY r.ordering, r.id128μs1.48KB/plugins/system/rereplacer/src/Items.php:95Copy
  • SELECT `session_id` FROM `lb8l6_session` WHERE `session_id` = ?141μs1KBParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:277Copy
  • UPDATE `lb8l6_session` SET `data` = ? , `time` = ? WHERE `session_id` = ?591μs592BParams/libraries/vendor/joomla/session/src/Handler/DatabaseHandler.php:301Copy